Typically used in manufacturing or scientific research, a clean room is a controlled environment that has a low level of pollutants such as dust, airborne microbes, aerosol particles, and chemical vapors. Don zama daidai, ɗakin da tsabta yana da matakin da gurbataccen gurbata da aka ƙayyade ta hanyar yawan barbashi a kowace mizar mai siffar sukari. Air iska a waje a cikin yanayin birni na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi barbashi 35,000,000,000 a cikin diamita, 0.5 micron da mafi girma a cikin mita 9 mai tsabta wanda yake a matakin mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodin daki mai tsabta.
Tsabtace Roew
Ana amfani da ɗakunan tsabta a kusan kowane masana'antu inda kananan ƙananan abubuwa na iya shafar tsarin masana'antu. Sun bambanta cikin girman da rikitarwa, kuma ana amfani dasu sosai a masana'antu kamar masana'antun masana'antu, da kuma kwayoyin masana'antu na yau da kullun a cikin Aerospace, Optics, sojoji da Sashen kuzari.
Room mai tsabta shine duk wani sarari da aka bayar inda ake yi don rage gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta da ikon sarrafawa kamar zafin jiki, zafi da matsi. Babban bangaren shine babban aiki mai yawa (HAPa) tace wanda ake amfani da shi don tarkon ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suke 0.3 Micron da mafi girma a cikin girman. Dukkanin iska ta haihu zuwa ɗakin tsabta ta hanyar tekun Hepa, kuma a wasu lokuta inda ake amfani da iska mai tsauri (ulpa) iska.
Ma'aikata sun zabi aiki a cikin dakuna masu tsabta a cikin manyan horo a cikin ka'idar sarrafawa. Sun shiga kuma fita daki mai tsabta ta hanyar jirgin sama, nopanakin iska da ɗakuna na Gowning, kuma dole ne su sanya sutura na musamman don tarko waɗanda ake gurbace su da fata da jiki.
Ya danganta da rarrabuwar kawuna ko aiki, ma'aikata na iya zama da iyakance kamar yadda katako, ko kuma flean pride da yawa a ciki da ya ƙunshi kayan aikin numfashi.
Ana amfani da suturar tufafi masu tsabta don hana abubuwa daga jikin mai saki jiki da gurbata muhalli. Shirye-shiryen daki mai tsabta kanta dole ne su sake sakin barbashi ko zaruruwa don hana gurbatawa ta hannun ma'aikata ta ma'aikata. This type of personnel contamination can degrade product performance in the semiconductor and pharmaceutical industries and it can cause cross-infection between medical staff and patients in the healthcare industry for example.
Shirye-shiryen daki sun hada da takalma, takalma, affs, gemu, mayu, ƙyallen yatsa, gashi, hoods, hannayen riga. Nau'in rigunan daki masu tsabta waɗanda aka yi amfani da su ya kamata ya nuna ɗakin tsabta da takamaiman samfurin. Mataki mai tsabta-wuri na iya buƙatar takalmin musamman kawai da ke da kyau sosai wanda ba sa bin ƙura ko datti. Koyaya, ƙananan takalmin takalma ba dole ne ƙirƙirar haɗari ba saboda aminci koyaushe yana ɗaukar fifiko. Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar suturar ɗakin tsabta don shigar da daki mai tsabta. Class 10,000 ɗakuna 10,000 masu tsabta ɗakuna na iya amfani da sumbos mai sauƙi, kan kai ya rufe, da booties. Don Class ɗakuna 10 masu tsabta, farji farf da sanye da hanyoyin tare da murfin ziped murfin duka, takalma, safofin hannu, safofin hannu da kuma suna buƙatar shinge na numfashi.
Tsabtace Room Resarshe
Matakan da yake tsabta yana kula da iska mai kyauta ta hanyar amfani da hepa ko kuma matattarar kayan aikin lamin ko ƙa'idodin iska mai narkewa. Lmarar, ko binciken iska, tsarin kwarara na iska kai tsaye iska ƙasa a cikin wani lokaci rafi. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da tsarin iska a fadin 100% na rufin don kula da kwarara mai gudana koyaushe. Kalmomin kwararar Laminar suna tashi gaba ɗaya cikin tashoshin aiki na aiki (LF Hoods), kuma an ba shi izini a Iso-1 ta hanyar ɗakunan tsabta.
Dalili mai tsabta mai tsabta wanda ya dace ya mamaye dukkan tsarin rarraba iska, gami da tanada don isasshen, ƙasa mai saukar ungulu ya dawo. A cikin ɗakunan da ke tsaye a tsaye, wannan yana nufin amfani da iska mai ƙarancin iska ta dawo ko'ina cikin kewaye da yankin. A cikin aikace-aikacen kwarara a kwance, yana buƙatar amfani da iska mai zuwa a iyakar ƙasa mai saukar ungulu. Amfani da Rainesar da ke tattare da iska ya yi sabani don ingantaccen tsarin tsarin dakin daki mai tsabta.
Mai tsabta daki
An rarrabe dakuna masu tsabta ta yadda tsabta iska take. A ƙimar tarayya 209 (a to d) na Amurka, yawan barbashi daidai ne da 0.5μm daidai da ƙafa ɗaya na iska, kuma an yi amfani da wannan ƙidaya don rarrabe dakin mai tsabta. Wannan awo na etgriclature shima an yarda dashi a cikin mafi yawan 209e sigar misali. Ana amfani da Standardal 209ee a Domestically. Sabuwar daidaitaccen ma'auni ne TC 209 daga ƙungiyar ƙa'idodin ƙasa. Dukkanin daidaitattun abubuwa suna rarrabe daki mai tsabta ta yawan barbashi da aka samo a cikin iska na dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ka'idojin da aka tsara daki mai tsabta FS 209e da ISO 14644-1 suna buƙatar takamaiman matakan ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙididdigar karkatar da matakan tsaftataccen daki mai tsabta ko yanki mai tsabta. A Burtaniya, an yi amfani da daidaito na Burtaniya 5295 don rarrabe dakuna masu tsabta. Wannan ƙa'idodin yana kusa da BS EN ISO 14644-1.
An tsara ɗakuna masu tsabta bisa ga adadin da girman barbashi da aka ba da izini a kowace girma na iska. Manyan lambobi kamar "Class 100" ko "aji 1000" suna nufin Fed_Sd-209e, da kuma nuna adadin barbashi mai girma 0.5 μm ko mafi girma izini ga kowane cubic ƙafar iska. Standary ta kuma ba da damar wucewa, saboda haka yana yiwuwa a bayyana misali "aji 2000."
Lembobi kananan lambobin suna nufin daidaitattun iso 14644-1 suna tantance logimal logaroth na yawan barbashi 0.1 μm ko mafi girma ba izini a kowace ƙwayar cuta. Don haka, alal misali, aji na ISO 5 mai tsabta yana da mafi yawan 105 = 100,000 barbashi na m³.
Dukansu FS 209e da ISO 14644-1 suna ɗaukar dangantakar shiga tsakanin girman barbashi da taro. Don wannan dalilin, babu wani abu kamar yadda sifilce barbako hankali. A iska na gida shine kusan aji 1,000,000 ko ISO 9.
ISO 14644-1 Tsabtace ma'auratun daki
| Rarraba | Aƙalla barbashi / m3 | Fed STD 209eqe | |||||
| > = 0.1 μm | > = 0.2 μm | > = 0.3 μm | > = 0.5 μm | > = 1 μm | > = 5 μm | ||
| Iso 1 | 10 | 2 | |||||
| Iso 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | |||
| ISO 3 | 1,000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | Aji 1 | |
| Iso 4 | 10,000 | 2,370 | 1,020 | 352 | 83 | Class 10 | |
| Iso 5 | 100,000 | 23,700 | 10,200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Aji 100 |
| Iso 6 | 1,000,000 | 237,000 | 102,000 | 35,200 | 8,320 | 293 | Aji 1,000 |
| ISO 7 | 352,000 | 83,200 | 2,930 | Aji 10,000 | |||
| Iso 8 | 3,520,000 | 832,000 | 29,300 | Aji 100,000 | |||
| Iso 9 | 35,200,000 | 8,320,000 | 293,000 | Iska | |||
Lokaci: Mar-2023