Haihuwar ɗakin tsafta
Fitowar da haɓaka duk fasahohin saboda buƙatun samarwa ne. Fasahar ɗaki ba banda. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Amurka ta kera na'urorin gyroscopes masu yawo da iska don kewaya jiragen sama. Saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali, kowane gyroscopes 10 dole ne a sake yin aiki a matsakaicin sau 120. A lokacin yakin Koriya a farkon shekarun 1950, Amurka ta maye gurbin kayan aikin lantarki fiye da miliyan daya a cikin kayan sadarwar lantarki 160,000. Radars sun kasa kashi 84% na lokacin kuma sonars na karkashin ruwa sun kasa kashi 48% na lokacin. Dalilin shi ne cewa amincin na'urorin lantarki da sassa ba su da kyau kuma ingancin ba shi da tabbas. Sojoji da masana'antun sun bincika dalilan kuma a ƙarshe sun ƙaddara daga bangarori da yawa cewa yana da alaƙa da yanayin samarwa mara tsabta. Ko da yake an dauki tsauraran matakai daban-daban na rufe taron samar da kayayyaki a wancan lokacin, illar ta yi kadan. Don haka wannan shine haihuwar ɗaki mai tsabta!
Haɓaka ɗakin tsafta
Matakin farko
Sai a farkon shekarun 1950 ne aka sanya na'urar HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) da Hukumar Makamashin Makamashi ta Amurka ta kirkira a shekarar 1951 don magance matsalar kama kura mai cutarwa ga jikin dan Adam a cikin tace iskar da ake amfani da ita. samar da taron bitar, kuma da gaske an haifi ɗaki mai tsafta na zamani.
Mataki na biyu
A cikin 1961, Willis Whitfield, babban mai bincike a Sandia National Laboratories a Amurka, ya ba da shawarar tsari mai tsabta na ƙungiyar iska, wanda a lokacin ake kira laminar flow, yanzu a hukumance ana kiransa unidirectional flow, kuma ya yi amfani da shi ga aikin injiniya na ainihi. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ɗakuna masu tsafta sun kai matakin tsafta da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba.
Mataki na uku
A cikin wannan shekarar, Sojojin saman Amurka sun ƙirƙira tare da fitar da daidaitattun ɗaki mai tsabta na farko a duniya TO-00-25--203 Umarnin Sojan Sama "Ka'idojin Halayen Tsara da Ayyuka don Tsabtace da Tsabtace.Bench." A kan wannan, ƙa'idar Tarayyar Amurka FED-STD-209, wacce ta raba ɗaki mai tsabta zuwa matakai uku, an sanar da shi a cikin Disamba 1963. Ya zuwa yanzu, an ƙirƙiri samfurin cikakken fasahar ɗakin tsafta.
Abubuwan ci gaba guda uku na sama galibi ana yaba su azaman matakai uku a cikin tarihin ci gaban ɗaki mai tsafta na zamani.
A tsakiyar shekarun 1960, dakunan tsabta sun taso a sassa daban-daban na masana'antu a Amurka. Ba wai kawai ana amfani da shi a cikin masana'antar soja ba, har ma yana haɓaka a cikin kayan lantarki, na'urorin gani, micro bearings, micro motors, fina-finai masu ɗaukar hoto, ultraure chemical reagents da sauran sassan masana'antu, waɗanda suka taka rawa sosai wajen haɓaka haɓakar kimiyya da fasaha da masana'antu. a lokacin. Don haka, mai zuwa shine cikakken gabatarwar a gida da waje.
Kwatanta Ci Gaba
Waje
A farkon shekarun 1950, Hukumar Makamashin Nukiliya ta Amurka ta gabatar da na'urar tace iska mai inganci (HEPA) a shekarar 1950 don magance matsalar kama kura mai cutarwa ga jikin dan adam, wanda ya zama mataki na farko a tarihin ci gaban fasaha mai tsafta. .
A tsakiyar shekarun 1960, daki mai tsabta a masana'antu irin su injina na lantarki a Amurka ya tashi kamar namomin kaza bayan ruwan sama, kuma a lokaci guda ya fara aiwatar da dasa fasahar tsabtace masana'antu zuwa dakunan tsabtace halittu. A cikin 1961, an haifi ɗaki mai tsabta (laminar flow). Ma'aunin ɗakin tsafta na farko a duniya-An kafa Dokokin Fasaha na Sojojin Sama na Amurka 203.
A farkon 1970s, mayar da hankali kan ginin daki mai tsafta ya fara canzawa zuwa masana'antar likitanci, magunguna, abinci da masana'antar sinadarai. Ban da Amurka, wasu ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, irin su Japan, Jamus, Biritaniya, Faransa, Switzerland, tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, da Netherlands, su ma sun ba da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga fasaha mai tsafta da ƙarfi.
Bayan shekarun 1980, Amurka da Japan sun sami nasarar ƙera sabbin matatun mai inganci tare da abin tacewa na 0.1μm da ingantaccen kamawa na 99.99%. A ƙarshe, an gina ɗakuna masu tsafta na matsananci-mataki na 0.1μm matakin 10 da 0.1μm matakin 1, wanda ya kawo ci gaban fasaha mai tsabta a cikin sabon zamani.
Na gida
Tun daga farkon shekarun 1960 zuwa karshen shekarun 1970, wadannan shekaru goma sun kasance farkon farkon fasahohin dakunan tsafta na kasar Sin. Ya kasance kusan shekaru goma bayan ƙasashen waje. Lokaci ne na musamman da wahala, mai raunin tattalin arziki kuma babu diflomasiya tare da kasashe masu karfi. A karkashin irin wannan mawuyacin yanayi, dangane da bukatun injuna, na'urorin jirgin sama da masana'antu na lantarki, ma'aikatan fasahar dakunan tsabta na kasar Sin sun fara nasu harkokin kasuwanci.
Daga karshen shekarun 1970 zuwa karshen shekarun 1980, a cikin wadannan shekaru goma, fasahar daki mai tsafta ta kasar Sin ta fuskanci matakin ci gaban rana. A cikin ci gaban fasahar daki mai tsafta ta kasar Sin, an kusan samun nasarori da dama a wannan mataki. Alamun sun kai matakin fasaha na ƙasashen waje a cikin 1980s.
Tun daga farkon shekarun 1990, tattalin arzikin kasar Sin ya ci gaba da samun karbuwa da sauri cikin sauri, tare da ci gaba da zuba jari a kasashen duniya, kuma wasu kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama sun ci gaba da gina masana'antu na microelectronics a kasar Sin cikin nasara. Don haka, fasahar cikin gida da masu bincike suna da ƙarin dama don tuntuɓar ra'ayoyin ƙira na babban ɗakin tsafta na waje, fahimtar kayan aiki da na'urori masu ci gaba na duniya, gudanarwa da kiyayewa, da sauransu.
Tare da bunkasuwar kimiyya da fasaha, kamfanoni masu tsafta na kasar Sin ma sun samu ci gaba cikin sauri.
Yayin da yanayin rayuwar mutane ke ci gaba da inganta, buƙatun su na muhallin rayuwa da ingancin rayuwa suna ƙaruwa kumadakin tsaftaAn yi amfani da fasahar injiniya a hankali don tsabtace iska a gida. A halin yanzu,China's dakin tsaftaaikin injiniya ba wai kawai ya shafi kayan lantarki, na'urorin lantarki, magunguna, abinci, bincike na kimiyya da sauran masana'antu ba, amma kuma yana iya motsawa zuwa gida, nishaɗin jama'a da sauran wurare, cibiyoyin ilimi, da dai sauransu. Ci gaba da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha ya inganta sannu a hankali.dakin tsaftakamfanonin injiniya zuwa dubban gidaje, da ma'aunin gidadakin tsaftamasana'antu kuma sun haɓaka, kuma mutane sun fara jin daɗin tasirin tasirin su a hankalidakin tsaftaaikin injiniya.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-22-2024