Haihuwar ɗakin tsafta
Bunƙasa da haɓaka dukkan fasahohin sun faru ne saboda buƙatun samarwa. Fasahar Tsafta ba ta da bambanci. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Amurka ta samar da na'urorin gyroscope masu shawagi a iska don kewaya jiragen sama. Saboda rashin inganci mai kyau, dole ne a sake yin aiki da kowace na'urar gyroscopes 10 a matsakaicin sau 120. A lokacin Yaƙin Koriya a farkon shekarun 1950, Amurka ta maye gurbin kayan aikin lantarki sama da miliyan ɗaya a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa na lantarki 160,000. Radars sun gaza kashi 84% na lokaci kuma na'urorin sonar na ƙarƙashin ruwa sun gaza kashi 48% na lokaci. Dalilin shi ne amincin na'urorin lantarki da sassan ba su da kyau kuma ingancinsu ba shi da tabbas. Sojoji da masana'antun sun binciki dalilan kuma daga ƙarshe sun gano daga fannoni da yawa cewa yana da alaƙa da yanayin samar da kayayyaki mara kyau. Duk da cewa an ɗauki matakai daban-daban masu tsauri don rufe taron samar da kayayyaki a wancan lokacin, tasirin bai yi yawa ba. Don haka wannan shine haihuwar ɗakin tsaftacewa!
Ci gaban ɗakin tsafta
Mataki na farko
Sai a farkon shekarun 1950 ne aka yi amfani da matatar iska mai inganci ta HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) wadda Hukumar Makamashin Atomic ta Amurka ta ƙirƙiro a shekarar 1951 don magance matsalar kama ƙurar rediyoaktif mai cutarwa ga jikin ɗan adam a kan tace iskar da ke wurin samar da kayayyaki, kuma aka fara amfani da ɗakin tsabtace zamani.
Mataki na biyu
A shekarar 1961, Willis Whitfield, wani babban mai bincike a Sandia National Laboratories da ke Amurka, ya gabatar da tsarin tsarin kwararar iska mai tsafta, wanda a lokacin ake kira kwararar laminar, wanda yanzu ake kira kwararar hanya mai hanya ɗaya, kuma ya yi amfani da shi ga injiniyanci na gaske. Tun daga lokacin, ɗakunan tsafta sun kai wani matakin tsafta mafi girma da ba a taɓa gani ba.
Mataki na uku
A wannan shekarar, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ta tsara kuma ta fitar da ka'idar daki mai tsafta ta farko a duniya TO-00-25--203 Umarnin Rundunar Sojan Sama "Ka'idojin Tsarawa da Aiki don Tsaftacewa da Tsaftacewa"BA kan wannan tushen, an sanar da Tsarin Tarayya na Amurka na FED-STD-209, wanda ke raba ɗaki mai tsabta zuwa matakai uku, a watan Disamba na 1963. Zuwa yanzu, an ƙirƙiri samfurin fasahar cikakken ɗakin tsaftacewa.
Ana yaba wa muhimman ci gaban nan guda uku da ke sama a matsayin muhimman matakai uku a tarihin ci gaban ɗakunan tsafta na zamani.
A tsakiyar shekarun 1960, ɗakunan tsafta sun bunƙasa a fannoni daban-daban na masana'antu a Amurka. Ba wai kawai ana amfani da shi a masana'antar soja ba, har ma ana tallata shi a cikin kayan lantarki, na'urorin gani, ƙananan bearings, ƙananan injina, fina-finan daukar hoto, na'urorin sinadarai masu tsarki da sauran fannoni na masana'antu, waɗanda suka taka rawa sosai wajen haɓaka ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha da masana'antu a wancan lokacin. Saboda wannan dalili, ga cikakken bayani a gida da waje.
Kwatanta Ci Gaba
Ƙasashen Waje
A farkon shekarun 1950, Hukumar Makamashin Atomic ta Amurka ta gabatar da matatar iska mai inganci (HEPA) a shekarar 1950 don magance matsalar kama ƙurar rediyoaktif da ke da illa ga jikin ɗan adam, wanda ya zama muhimmin ci gaba a tarihin ci gaban fasaha mai tsabta.
A tsakiyar shekarun 1960, ɗakunan tsaftacewa a masana'antu kamar injinan lantarki masu daidaito a Amurka sun fito kamar namomin kaza bayan ruwan sama, kuma a lokaci guda sun fara aiwatar da dasa fasahar tsabtace masana'antu zuwa ɗakunan tsaftacewa na halittu. A shekarar 1961, an haifi ɗakin tsaftacewa na kwararar laminar (ƙugu mai jagora ɗaya). An kafa ƙa'idar ɗakin tsaftacewa ta farko a duniya - Dokokin Fasaha na Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka 203.
A farkon shekarun 1970, an fara mayar da hankali kan gina dakunan wanka da tsafta zuwa masana'antun likitanci, magunguna, abinci da sinadarai masu rai. Baya ga Amurka, sauran ƙasashen da suka ci gaba a fannin masana'antu, kamar Japan, Jamus, Birtaniya, Faransa, Switzerland, tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, da Netherlands, sun kuma ba da muhimmanci ga fasahar tsaftace dakunan wanka da kuma haɓaka su sosai.
Bayan shekarun 1980, Amurka da Japan sun yi nasarar ƙirƙiro sabbin matatun mai inganci mai ƙarfi tare da abin tacewa na 0.1μm da ingancin kamawa na 99.99%. A ƙarshe, an gina ɗakunan tsafta masu ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na matakin 0.1μm na 10 da matakin 0.1μm na 1, wanda ya kawo ci gaban fasahar tsaftacewa zuwa wani sabon zamani.
Na cikin gida
Tun daga farkon shekarun 1960 zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1970, waɗannan shekaru goma sune farkon da kuma farkon fasahar tsabtace ɗakin China. Ya kasance bayan shekaru goma da suka wuce da ƙasashen waje. Lokaci ne na musamman da wahala, tare da raunin tattalin arziki da rashin diflomasiyya da ƙasashe masu ƙarfi. A ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi mai wahala, dangane da buƙatun injina masu daidaito, kayan aikin jiragen sama da masana'antar lantarki, ma'aikatan fasahar tsabtace ɗakin China sun fara tafiyarsu ta kasuwanci.
Daga ƙarshen shekarun 1970 zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1980, a cikin wannan shekaru goma, fasahar tsabtace ɗakin kwana ta China ta fuskanci wani matakin ci gaba mai haske. A cikin ci gaban fasahar tsaftace ɗakin kwana ta China, an kusan haifar da manyan nasarori da dama a wannan matakin. Alamun sun kai matakin fasaha na ƙasashen waje a shekarun 1980.
Tun daga farkon shekarun 1990, tattalin arzikin kasar Sin ya ci gaba da samun ci gaba mai dorewa da sauri, tare da ci gaba da zuba jari a kasashen duniya, kuma wasu kungiyoyi daban-daban na kasa da kasa sun gina masana'antun kere-kere da dama a kasar Sin a jere. Saboda haka, fasahar cikin gida da masu bincike suna da karin damar tuntuɓar ra'ayoyin zane na babban dakin tsaftacewa na kasashen waje, fahimtar kayan aiki da na'urori na zamani na duniya, gudanarwa da kulawa, da sauransu.
Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, kamfanonin tsaftace muhalli na kasar Sin suma sun samu ci gaba cikin sauri.
Yayin da yanayin rayuwar mutane ke ci gaba da inganta, buƙatunsu na muhallin rayuwa da ingancin rayuwa suna ƙaruwa, kumaɗakin tsaftacewaAn fara amfani da fasahar injiniya a hankali wajen tsarkake iska a gida. A halin yanzu,China's ɗakin tsaftacewaInjiniyanci ba wai kawai ya shafi kayan lantarki, kayan lantarki, magunguna, abinci, binciken kimiyya da sauran masana'antu ba, har ma yana iya komawa gida, nishaɗin jama'a da sauran wurare, cibiyoyin ilimi, da sauransu. Ci gaba da ci gaba da haɓaka kimiyya da fasaha ya ci gaba a hankali.ɗakin tsaftacewakamfanonin injiniya zuwa dubban gidaje, da kuma girman tsarin aikin injiniya na cikin gidaɗakin tsaftacewamasana'antu kuma sun bunƙasa, kuma mutane sun fara jin daɗin tasirinɗakin tsaftacewainjiniyanci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-22-2024