Aikin tsaftacewa yana nufin fitar da gurɓataccen abu kamar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, iska mai cutarwa, ƙwayoyin cuta, da dai sauransu a cikin iska a cikin wani yanki na iska, da kuma kula da zafin jiki na cikin gida, tsabta, matsa lamba na cikin gida, saurin iska da rarrabawa, girgizar ƙararrawa, hasken wuta, wutar lantarki mai mahimmanci, da dai sauransu a cikin wani iyaka da ake bukata. Muna kiran irin wannan tsari na muhalli kamar aikin tsabtatawa. Cikakken aikin tsaftacewa ya ƙunshi ƙarin abubuwa, ciki har da sassa takwas: kayan ado da tsarin tsarin kulawa, tsarin HVAC, tsarin iska da shaye-shaye, tsarin kariya na wuta, tsarin lantarki, tsarin tsarin bututu, tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik da tsarin samar da ruwa da magudanar ruwa. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da cikakken tsarin aikin tsafta don tabbatar da aiki da tasirin sa.
1. Tsarin ɗakin kwana
(1). Kayan ado da tsarin tsarin kulawa
Haɗin kayan ado da kayan ado na aikin tsabtatawa yawanci ya ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun kayan ado na tsarin tsarin shinge kamar ƙasa, rufi da bangare. A taƙaice, waɗannan sassa suna rufe saman shida na sararin samaniya mai girma uku, wato saman, bango da ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, ya haɗa da kofofi, tagogi da sauran kayan ado. Bambanta da kayan ado na gida na gaba ɗaya da kayan ado na masana'antu, aikin tsaftacewa yana ba da hankali ga ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan ado da cikakkun bayanai don tabbatar da cewa sararin samaniya ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsabta da tsabta.
(2). Tsarin HVAC
Yana maida hankali ne akan naúrar chiller (ruwan zafi) (ciki har da famfo na ruwa, hasumiya mai sanyaya, da dai sauransu) da matakin injin bututu mai sanyaya iska da sauran kayan aiki, bututun kwandishan, hada akwatin kwandishan mai tsarkakewa (ciki har da sashin kwararar ruwa, sashin sakamako na farko, sashin dumama, sashin refrigeration, sashin dehumidification, sashin matsa lamba, sashin sakamako na matsakaici, sashin matsa lamba, da sauransu) kuma ana ɗaukar su.
(3). Tsarin iska da shaye-shaye
Tsarin iska shine cikakken tsarin na'urorin da ke kunshe da shigarwar iska, fitarwar fitarwa, tashar samar da iska, fan, sanyaya da kayan dumama, tacewa, tsarin sarrafawa da sauran kayan taimako. Tsarin shaye-shaye shine tsarin gaba ɗaya wanda ya ƙunshi kaho mai shayarwa ko shigar da iska, kayan ɗaki mai tsabta da fan.
(4). Tsarin kariyar wuta
Wurin gaggawa, fitilun gaggawa, yayyafawa, kashe wuta, bututun wuta, wuraren ƙararrawa ta atomatik, abin nadi mai hana wuta, da dai sauransu.
(5). Tsarin lantarki
Ya haɗa da abubuwa uku: hasken wuta, iko da rauni na halin yanzu, musamman rufe fitulun tsarkakewa, kwasfa, kabad na lantarki, layi, saka idanu da tarho da sauran ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin halin yanzu mai rauni.
(6). Tsari tsarin bututu
A cikin aikin tsafta, ya ƙunshi: bututun iskar gas, bututun kayan aiki, tsabtace bututun ruwa, bututun ruwa na allura, tururi, bututun tururi mai tsabta, bututun ruwa na farko, bututun ruwa mai yawo, zubar da bututun ruwa, condensate, bututun ruwa mai sanyaya, da sauransu.
(7). Tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik
Ciki har da kula da zafin jiki, kula da zafin jiki, ƙarfin iska da sarrafa matsa lamba, jerin buɗewa da sarrafa lokaci, da dai sauransu.
(8). Samar da ruwa da tsarin magudanar ruwa
Tsarin tsarin, zaɓin bututun bututu, shimfida bututun mai, kayan haɗin magudanar ruwa da ƙananan tsarin magudanar ruwa, tsarin wurare dabam dabam na ɗaki, waɗannan ma'auni, tsarin tsarin magudanar ruwa da shigarwa, da dai sauransu.
Masana'antar Abinci, Gidan Binciken Hakika, Masana'antu, masana'antar kula da lafiya, aermonpace matakan bita da kuma aikin kwastomomi, aikin motsa jiki, aikin harhada ayyukan yi da sauran hanyoyin tallace-tallace da sauran hanyoyin tallace-tallace da sauran hanyoyin kasuwanci. dakin gwaje-gwaje na biosafety wanda kamfaninmu ya tsara yana ba da garantin ingancin gini kuma ya cika buƙatun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun fasaha na ginin gini gabaɗaya.
2. Bukatun sabis na ɗaki mai tsabta
(1). Ayyukan ɗakin tsafta
① Tsara da sabunta ɗakunan tsabtataccen iska da tsabta, ƙura mara ƙura da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na matakan tsarkakewa daban-daban, buƙatun tsari da tsare-tsaren bene.
② Gyara dakunan tsabta tare da buƙatu na musamman kamar matsi mara kyau na dangi, babban zafin jiki, rigakafin wuta da fashewa, sautin sauti da shiru, haɓakar haɓaka mai inganci, detoxification da deodorization, da anti-static.
③ Gina hasken wuta, kayan aikin lantarki, wutar lantarki, tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki da tsarin sarrafa iska ta atomatik wanda ya dace da ɗakin tsafta.
3. Aikace-aikacen ɗakin tsafta
(1). Wuraren tsabtace halittu na asibiti
Wuraren tsaftar halittu na asibiti sun haɗa da tsaftataccen ɗakunan tiyata da tsaftataccen ɗakuna. Wurare masu tsafta na asibitoci galibi wuraren da ake sarrafa kayan gwari don hana marasa lafiya kamuwa da cuta ko haifar da mummunan sakamako.
(2). P-level jerin dakunan gwaje-gwaje
① dakunan gwaje-gwaje na P3 sune dakunan gwaje-gwaje na matakin biosafety 3. An raba dakunan gwaje-gwaje na biosafety zuwa matakai huɗu bisa ga girman cutarwar ƙwayoyin cuta da gubobinsu, tare da matakin 1 yana ƙasa da matakin 4 yana da girma. Sun kasu kashi biyu: matakin tantanin halitta da matakin dabba, sannan kuma an karkasa matakin dabba zuwa kananan matakin dabba da manyan dabbobi. An gina dakin gwaje-gwaje na farko na P3 a cikin ƙasata a cikin 1987 kuma an yi amfani da shi don binciken AIDS.
②P4 dakin gwaje-gwaje yana nufin dakin gwaje-gwaje na matakin biosafety 4, wanda aka yi amfani da shi musamman don binciken cututtuka masu saurin yaduwa. Shine mafi girman matakin dakin gwaje-gwaje na biosafety a duniya. A halin yanzu babu dakin gwaje-gwaje irin wannan a kasar Sin. A cewar masana da suka dace, matakan tsaro na dakunan gwaje-gwaje na P4 sun fi na dakunan gwaje-gwaje na P3. Dole ne masu bincike ba kawai su sa cikakken suturar kariya ba amma kuma su ɗauki silinda na iskar oxygen lokacin shiga.
(3). Injiniya mai tsabta na masana'antu da bita
Ana iya raba hanyoyin gini zuwa injiniyan farar hula da nau'ikan da aka riga aka tsara.
Tsarin bita mai tsabta wanda aka riga aka tsara ya ƙunshi tsarin samar da kwandishan, tsarin dawowar iska, dawo da iska, sashin shayewa, tsarin shinge, raka'a mai tsabta na mutum da kayan, matakin farko, na tsakiya da babban matakin iska, gas da tsarin ruwa, wutar lantarki da hasken wuta, yanayin yanayin yanayin aiki da saka idanu da ƙararrawa, kariyar wuta, sadarwa da jiyya na bene.
①GMP tsaftataccen ma'aunin tsarkakewar bita:
Sauyin canjin iska: aji 100000 ≥15 sau; aji 10000 ≥20 sau; class 1000 ≥30 sau.
Bambancin matsi: babban taron bita zuwa ɗakin da ke kusa ≥5Pa;
Matsakaicin saurin iska: aji 100 tsaftataccen bita 03-0.5m/s;
Zazzabi:> 16 ℃ a cikin hunturu; <26 ℃ a lokacin rani; canzawa ± 2 ℃. Danshi 45-65%; zafi a GMP tsaftataccen bita ya fi dacewa a kusa da 50%; zafi a cikin bitar lantarki ya ɗan fi girma don guje wa tsayayyen wutar lantarki. Amo ≤65dB(A); Kariyar sabon iska shine 10% -30% na jimlar samar da iska; haske: 300LX.
②GMP kayan tsarin bita:
Bangon bango da rufin bita mai tsafta gabaɗaya an yi su ne da faranti mai launin sanwici mai kauri 50mm, waɗanda ke da kyau da tsauri. Ƙofofin kusurwa, firam ɗin taga, da sauransu gabaɗaya an yi su ne da bayanan martaba na aluminum anodized na musamman;
Ana iya yin ƙasa da bene mai daidaita kai na epoxy ko babban bene mai jure lalacewa. Idan akwai buƙatun anti-static, ana iya zaɓar nau'in anti-static;
Ana samar da iskar iskar gas da magudanar dawowa daga takardar galvanized mai zafi mai zafi, kuma an liƙa takardar filastik kumfa mai harshen wuta tare da ingantaccen tsarkakewa da tasirin zafi;
Akwatin hepa yana amfani da firam ɗin bakin karfe, wanda yake da kyau kuma mai tsafta, kuma farantin ɗin da aka ratsa yana amfani da farantin aluminum mai fentin, wanda ba shi da tsatsa kuma ba shi da ƙura kuma mai sauƙin tsaftacewa.
(4). Injiniyan tsabtace ɗakin lantarki da na zahiri
Gabaɗaya ana amfani da kayan aikin lantarki, ɗakunan kwamfuta, masana'antar semiconductor, masana'antar mota, masana'antar sararin samaniya, hoton hoto, masana'antar microcomputer da sauran masana'antu. Bugu da ƙari, tsaftace iska, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa an cika bukatun anti-static.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-28-2025