Manufar tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ita ce tabbatar da cewa ɗakin tsafta ya cika matakin tsaftar ƙwayoyin cuta da ake buƙata a cikin lokacin da ya dace. Saboda haka, tsaftace ɗakin tsafta da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta muhimmin sashi ne na kula da gurɓatawa. Ga matakai takwas masu mahimmanci da ke cikin tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta don tabbatar da "tsabta" ɗakin tsafta.
1. Fahimtar tsafta da tsaftace jiki yadda ya kamata
Tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ra'ayoyi ne guda biyu daban-daban, wani lokacin a rikice. Tsaftacewa, galibi, ya ƙunshi amfani da sabulun wanki kuma ya kamata a yi shi kafin a kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Sabulun wanki yana tsaftace saman, yana cire "mai" na saman (kamar ƙura da mai). Rage mai muhimmin mataki ne kafin a kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, yayin da man da ke saman ya ragu, haka nan maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta zai yi tasiri sosai.
Sabulun wanke-wanke galibi yana shiga cikin mai, yana rage ƙarfin saman sa (man ɗin yana manne a saman) don a iya cire shi (a takaice, sabulun wanke-wanke yana ƙara ƙarfin tsaftacewar ruwa).
Rashin kamuwa da cuta ya ƙunshi kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa, wanda zai iya kashe adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin cuta masu tsire-tsire (wasu magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta suma magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ne).
2. Zaɓar mafi kyawun masu tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta
Zaɓar mafi kyawun masu tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Manajan dakunan tsaftacewa dole ne su tabbatar da ingancin magungunan tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta sannan su zaɓi magungunan tsaftace da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da suka dace da kowane nau'in dakunan tsaftacewa. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba za a iya haɗa wasu magungunan tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba.
Lokacin zabar kayan tsaftacewa, yana da mahimmanci a bi waɗannan ƙa'idodi:
a) Ya kamata sinadarin tsaftacewa ya kasance tsaka tsaki kuma ba mai ionic ba.
b) Ya kamata ruwan tsaftacewa ya kasance ba ya kumfa.
c) Ya kamata maganin tsaftacewa ya dace da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta (watau, maganin tsaftace da ya rage bai kamata ya lalata ingancin maganin ba).
Lokacin zabar maganin disinfectant, ya kamata a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan:
a) Domin cika ƙa'idodin GMP, ya kamata a juya magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu. Duk da cewa hukumomin da ke kula da lafiya suna buƙatar amfani da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu daban-daban, a fannin kimiyya, wannan ba lallai ba ne. Don magance wannan, ya kamata a zaɓi magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu masu inganci daban-daban. Yana da kyau a zaɓi maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya da ke kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
b) Ya kamata maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya kasance yana da ayyuka iri-iri, ma'ana yana kashe nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri, ciki har da ƙwayoyin cuta masu gram-negative da gram-positive.
c) Mafi kyau, maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya kamata ya yi aiki da sauri. Saurin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya dogara da lokacin da ake buƙata don maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan lokacin hulɗa shine tsawon lokacin da saman da aka shafa maganin ya kamata ya kasance da ruwa.
d) Ragowar halitta da ragowar sabulun wanka ba za su shafi ingancin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba.
e) Ga ɗakunan tsafta masu inganci (misali, ISO 14644 Aji na 5 da 7), dole ne masu aikin tsaftace ɗaki su tsaftace ko kuma su yi wa masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta magani.
f) Dole ne maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya dace da amfani a zafin aikin ɗakin tsaftacewa. Idan ɗakin tsaftacewa ɗaki ne mai firiji, dole ne a tabbatar da ingancin maganin a wannan zafin.
g) Maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta bai kamata ya lalata kayan da ake kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba. Idan akwai yiwuwar lalacewa, dole ne a ɗauki matakai don hana shi. Yawancin magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ke kashe ƙwayoyin cuta suna ɗauke da sinadarin chlorine, wanda zai iya lalata abubuwa kamar bakin ƙarfe idan ba a cire ragowar da wuri ba bayan an yi amfani da shi.
h) Dole ne maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya zama marar lahani ga masu aiki kuma ya bi ƙa'idodin lafiya da aminci na gida.
i) Maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya kamata ya kasance mai araha, mai sauƙin narkewa, kuma ana samunsa a cikin kwantena masu dacewa, kamar kwalaben feshi da hannu. 3. Fahimtar nau'ikan maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban
Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta suna zuwa da nau'uka daban-daban, waɗanda suka dace da nau'ikan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban kuma suna nuna matakai daban-daban na tasiri ga ƙananan halittu. Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta na iya aiki akan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da ta hanyar kai hari ga bangon tantanin halitta, membrane na cytoplasmic (inda phospholipids da enzymes ke samar da maƙasudai daban-daban na narkewar abinci), ko kuma cytoplasm. Fahimtar bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin zaɓar tsakanin magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta (bambanci tsakanin sinadarai marasa kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da masu lalata ƙwayoyin cuta).
Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta marasa oxidizing sun haɗa da alcohols, aldehydes, amphoteric surfactants, biguanides, phenols, da quaternary ammonium compounds. Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu oxidizing sun haɗa da halogens da sinadaran oxidizing kamar peracetic acid da chlorine dioxide.
4. Tabbatar da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta
Tabbatarwa ta ƙunshi gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje ta amfani da ƙa'idodin AOAC (Amurka) ko na Turai. Wasu gwaje-gwajen ana iya yin su ta hanyar masana'antar maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, yayin da wasu dole ne a gudanar da su a cikin gida. Tabbatar da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ya haɗa da gwajin ƙalubale, wanda ya haɗa da gwada maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta na yawan da ya bambanta (a matsayin dakatarwa), gwada saman daban-daban, da kuma gwada ingancin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, gami da ƙwayoyin cuta da aka ware daga cikin wurin.
5. Abubuwan da ke shafar ingancin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta
A aikace, abubuwa da yawa na iya shafar ingancin magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da nasarar ayyukan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Abubuwan da ke tasiri ga ingancin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da:
a) Mayar da Hankali: Zaɓin yawan haɗuwa ne ke tabbatar da mafi girman yawan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Ra'ayin cewa yawan ƙwayoyin cuta masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta yana kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa tatsuniya ce, domin magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta suna aiki ne kawai a daidai yawan haɗuwa.
b) Tsawon Lokaci: Tsawon lokacin da ake amfani da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Ana buƙatar isasshen lokaci don maganin ya haɗu da ƙwayoyin cuta, ya ratsa bangon ƙwayoyin halitta, sannan ya isa wurin da aka nufa.
c) Adadin da nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta. Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da tasiri sosai a kan wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta masu tsire-tsire. Misali, idan babban rukuni na ƙwayoyin cuta masu zaman kansu suka tattara ƙwayoyin cuta, magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba su da ikon kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su yi tasiri ba. d) Zafin jiki da pH: Kowace maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta tana da mafi kyawun pH da kewayon zafin jiki don ingantaccen tasiri. Idan zafin jiki da pH sun kasance a waje da waɗannan iyakokin, ingancin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta zai lalace.
6. Kayan tsaftacewa
Kayan da ake amfani da su don kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da tsaftacewa dole ne su dace kuma su iya shafa siririn Layer na kowane sabulu da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta daidai gwargwado. Masu tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ake amfani da su a benaye, saman kayan aiki, da bango a wuraren da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin wuraren da ba a tsaftace ba dole ne su kasance masu tsafta kuma ba su da ƙwayoyin cuta (misali, masaku marasa saƙa, ulu mara lint).
7. Dabaru na tsaftacewa
Hanyoyin tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Idan ba a yi amfani da sabulun wanke hannu da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta yadda ya kamata ba, ba za su tsaftace saman yadda ya kamata ba. Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya shiga saman mai mai ba, wanda hakan ke haifar da ƙaruwar gurɓatar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin wurin. Dole ne a yi takamaiman hanyoyin tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar:
A share ƙura da tarkace (idan akwai); A goge da ruwan sabulu don tabbatar da cewa ruwan sabulun ya bushe; A goge da ruwan maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta don kiyaye saman da ke taɓawa da danshi da kuma kiyaye lokacin taɓawa; A goge da ruwa don allura ko kuma kashi 70% IPA (isopropyl alcohol) don cire duk wani ragowar maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
8. Kula da ingancin tsaftacewa da tsaftace muhalli
Ana tantance ingancin tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar sakamakon sa ido kan muhalli na ɗakin tsafta. Ana yin wannan kimantawa ta hanyar ɗaukar samfurin saman ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da faranti da swabs. Idan sakamakon bai kasance cikin ƙa'idodin aiki da aka ƙayyade ko ƙa'idodin kula da ciki na kamfanin ba, akwai iya samun matsaloli tare da masu tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, yawan tsaftacewa, ko hanyar tsaftacewa. Akasin haka, idan sakamakon ya cika ƙa'idodin, manajojin ɗakin tsafta za su iya bayyana da tabbaci cewa ɗakin tsafta "yana da tsabta" da gaske.
Takaitaccen Bayani
Wannan sashe na sama ya lissafa matakai takwas don kula da tsaftar ɗaki ta amfani da magungunan tsaftacewa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana ba da shawarar a haɗa waɗannan matakan cikin tsarin aiki na yau da kullun (SOPs) kuma a ba da horo ga masu aiki da ma'aikatan gudanarwa. Da zarar an tabbatar da wurin kuma an kula da shi, mafi mahimmanci shine a yi amfani da hanyoyin ko dabarun da suka dace, magungunan tsaftacewa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu dacewa, da kuma tsaftace wurin da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta akai-akai a lokutan da aka tsara. Ta wannan hanyar, ɗakin tsaftacewa zai iya kasancewa da tsabta.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-13-2025